Monoclonal Antibodies (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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What are monoclonal antibodies?
What are monoclonal antibodies?
Identical antibodies produced from the same immune cell
What do monoclonal antibodies bind to?
What do monoclonal antibodies bind to?
Only one specific protein antigen
Example medical use of monoclonal antibodies
Example medical use of monoclonal antibodies
Pregnancy testing
What type of cells are obtained from mice? (step 1)
What type of cells are obtained from mice? (step 1)
Lymphocytes (white blood cells)
What do lymphocytes produce?
What do lymphocytes produce?
Antibodies
Can lymphocytes divide?
Can lymphocytes divide?
No, cannot divide
What cells are combined with lymphocytes? (step 2)
What cells are combined with lymphocytes? (step 2)
Tumour cells
Do tumour cells divide?
Do tumour cells divide?
Yes, divide rapidly
What cell is formed from lymphocyte + tumour cell?
What cell is formed from lymphocyte + tumour cell?
Hybridoma
What can a hybridoma produce? (step 3)
What can a hybridoma produce? (step 3)
Clones of itself
What do all hybridoma clones produce?
What do all hybridoma clones produce?
The same antibody
Final step in monoclonal antibody production (step 4)
Final step in monoclonal antibody production (step 4)
Antibodies are collected and purified