Enzymes (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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14 cards from this deck
What type of molecule are enzymes?
What type of molecule are enzymes?
Protein molecules that speed up chemical reactions in living things
What is the active site of an enzyme?
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The specially shaped part where the substrate binds and the reaction happens
In lock and key theory, what does the enzyme represent?
In lock and key theory, what does the enzyme represent?
The lock
In lock and key theory, what does the substrate represent?
In lock and key theory, what does the substrate represent?
The key
What is enzyme specificity?
What is enzyme specificity?
Each enzyme only works with one specific substrate because only the right substrate fits its active site
What does 'denatured' mean for an enzyme?
What does 'denatured' mean for an enzyme?
The active site shape changes permanently and the enzyme stops working
Why do enzymes work slowly at low temperatures?
Why do enzymes work slowly at low temperatures?
Molecules move slowly, so there are fewer collisions between enzyme and substrate
What is the optimum temperature of an enzyme?
What is the optimum temperature of an enzyme?
The best temperature where the enzyme works fastest
What happens to enzymes at too high temperatures?
What happens to enzymes at too high temperatures?
The enzyme gets denatured and stops working completely
What is the optimum pH of an enzyme?
What is the optimum pH of an enzyme?
The pH where the enzyme works best
What happens at wrong pH levels?
What happens at wrong pH levels?
Active site changes shape and enzyme becomes denatured
How does bile help with fat digestion?
How does bile help with fat digestion?
Breaks fat into tiny droplets, increasing surface area
What is the optimum pH for lipase?
What is the optimum pH for lipase?
pH 7.5-8.0 (alkaline conditions)
Where is bile made and stored?
Where is bile made and stored?
Made in the liver, stored in the gall bladder