Global Reserves & Potable Water (AQA GCSE Chemistry): Flashcards

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Chemical formula of water

H2OH_2O

Types of substances water dissolves

Ions and gases

Examples of ions dissolved in water

Mg2+Mg^{2+}, Ca2+Ca^{2+}, Na+Na^+

Gases dissolved in rainwater

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Effect of CO2CO_2 on water pH

Lowers the pH

Natural pollutants in water (microorganisms)

Bacteria and viruses

Examples of man-made pollutants in water

Fertilisers, pesticides, household/industrial waste

Average daily water usage per person in UK (litres)

150 litres

Definition of drought

Dry conditions with insufficient rain to replenish supplies

When water shortage occurs

When demand for water exceeds supply

Industrial use of water

Cooling machinery in factories

Water conservation: appliances

Only use washing machines/dishwashers when full

Water conservation: bathing

Take showers instead of baths

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