The Harrying of the North (AQA GCSE History): Flashcards
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What was the Harrying of the North?
What was the Harrying of the North?
Brutal military campaign by William the Conqueror 1069-70
When did the Harrying of the North occur?
When did the Harrying of the North occur?
Winter 1069-70
Who launched the Harrying of the North?
Who launched the Harrying of the North?
William the Conqueror
Which areas did the Harrying of the North cover?
Which areas did the Harrying of the North cover?
Humber to Tees, Yorkshire, Staffordshire, Shropshire
Harrying: Who did William seek revenge for?
Harrying: Who did William seek revenge for?
Robert de Comines & hundreds of Normans killed
Who was Robert de Comines?
Who was Robert de Comines?
William's Earl of Northumbria, killed in Durham
What methods were used in the Harrying?
What methods were used in the Harrying?
Destroyed homes, crops, livestock; scorched earth tactics
Harrying immediate death toll
Harrying immediate death toll
As many as 100,000 died from starvation
Domesday Book 1086: Yorkshire's condition?
Domesday Book 1086: Yorkshire's condition?
60% listed as 'waste'
Harrying long-term population loss
Harrying long-term population loss
80,000-150,000 people vs 1066 levels
When did northern resistance end after Harrying?
When did northern resistance end after Harrying?
After 1071
William's policy shift after 1070
William's policy shift after 1070
Replaced English aristocracy with Norman nobles
Which historian criticised the Harrying?
Which historian criticised the Harrying?
Orderic Vitalis
Why Harrying in winter (strategic reason)
Why Harrying in winter (strategic reason)
Maximised suffering & civilian vulnerability
Had Yorkshire recovered by 1086?
Had Yorkshire recovered by 1086?
No - still not recovered 20 years later