Organisation: The Cardiovascular & Respiratory System (OCR GCSE Biology A, Combined (Gateway Science Suite)): Flashcards
📚Flashcards
Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
ShowHide
Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
Location of lungs
Location of lungs
Thorax, protected by ribcage
Primary function of lungs
Primary function of lungs
Supply oxygen to blood, remove carbon dioxide
Trachea
Trachea
Windpipe; tube carrying air from mouth/nose to lungs
Intercostal muscles
Intercostal muscles
Between ribs; contract/relax to ventilate lungs
Bronchi
Bronchi
Two tubes from trachea, each leading to one lung
Bronchioles
Bronchioles
Smaller tubes from bronchi that distribute air in lungs
Alveoli
Alveoli
Small air sacs where gas exchange occurs
Diaphragm during inhalation
Diaphragm during inhalation
Contracts & moves down, increasing chest volume
Inhalation: volume & pressure
Inhalation: volume & pressure
Volume increases, pressure decreases
Exhalation: volume & pressure
Exhalation: volume & pressure
Volume decreases, pressure increases
Oxygen diffusion in gas exchange
Oxygen diffusion in gas exchange
From alveoli to blood, down concentration gradient
CO2 diffusion in gas exchange
CO2 diffusion in gas exchange
From blood to alveoli, down concentration gradient
Alveoli: large surface area benefit
Alveoli: large surface area benefit
Maximises diffusion
Alveoli: thin walls benefit
Alveoli: thin walls benefit
Short diffusion pathway, speeds up gas exchange
How to calculate breathing rate
How to calculate breathing rate
Number of breaths ÷ number of minutes