The Lungs (OCR GCSE Biology A (Gateway Science Suite)): Flashcards
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15 cards from this deck
Location of lungs
Location of lungs
Thorax (upper body), protected by ribcage
Primary function of lungs
Primary function of lungs
Supply oxygen to blood and remove carbon dioxide
Trachea definition
Trachea definition
Windpipe; tube carrying air from mouth/nose to lungs
Intercostal muscles location and role
Intercostal muscles location and role
Between ribs; ventilate lungs by moving ribcage
Site of gas exchange
Site of gas exchange
Alveoli (small air sacs)
Diaphragm action during inhalation
Diaphragm action during inhalation
Contracts and moves down, increasing thoracic volume
Volume change during inhalation
Volume change during inhalation
Chest volume increases
Pressure change during inhalation
Pressure change during inhalation
Decreases (lower pressure)
Volume change during exhalation
Volume change during exhalation
Chest volume decreases
Pressure change during exhalation
Pressure change during exhalation
Increases (higher pressure)
Direction of oxygen diffusion in alveoli
Direction of oxygen diffusion in alveoli
From alveoli into blood (down concentration gradient)
Direction of CO2 diffusion in alveoli
Direction of CO2 diffusion in alveoli
From blood into alveoli (down concentration gradient)
Alveoli adaptation: surface area
Alveoli adaptation: surface area
Large surface area maximises diffusion
Alveoli adaptation: wall thickness
Alveoli adaptation: wall thickness
Thin walls create short diffusion pathway
Breathing rate calculation formula
Breathing rate calculation formula
= breaths per minute