Industrial Britain, c.1750–c.1900 (OCR GCSE History B (Schools History Project)): Flashcards
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15 cards from this deck
Typical transportation sentence length
Typical transportation sentence length
7 years of hard labour
Ships used for transporting convicts
Ships used for transporting convicts
Hulks
Journey time Britain to Australia
Journey time Britain to Australia
4 months
Peak year of transportation to Australia
Peak year of transportation to Australia
1833, nearly 7,000 prisoners
Year transportation ended
Year transportation ended
1857
Year gold discovered in Australia
Year gold discovered in Australia
1851 (made transportation seem like a reward)
Sheriff who campaigned for prison reform
Sheriff who campaigned for prison reform
John Howard
Quaker who reformed Newgate Prison
Quaker who reformed Newgate Prison
Elizabeth Fry
Act securing prisons & separating genders (year)
Act securing prisons & separating genders (year)
Gaols Act, 1823
Prison established 1842 using Separate System
Prison established 1842 using Separate System
Pentonville Prison
System isolating prisoners to reflect on behaviour
System isolating prisoners to reflect on behaviour
Separate System
System: no talking, basic diet, pointless tasks
System: no talking, basic diet, pointless tasks
Silent System
1865 Act: hard labour, fare & board
1865 Act: hard labour, fare & board
Penal Servitude Act
Year all prisons came under govt control
Year all prisons came under govt control
1877, became 'Her Majesty's Prisons'
Pardon allowing return to Britain
Pardon allowing return to Britain
Absolute Pardon (vs Conditional - no return)