Calculus & Differential Equations (Leaving Cert Applied Maths): Flashcards

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Power rule for integrating xnx^n

xn+1n+1+c\frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1} + c

Why constant cc appears in integration

Differentiation of constant gives zero

Integral of 1x\frac{1}{x}

ln⁡x+c\ln x + c

Integral of 1ax+b\frac{1}{ax+b}

1aln⁡(ax+b)+c\frac{1}{a}\ln(ax+b) + c

What definite integral represents

Exact area between curve and x-axis over interval

Integration by parts formula

∫u dv=uv−∫v du\int u \, dv = uv - \int v \, du

INLATE rule purpose

Choose uu in integration by parts

Velocity in terms of distance s(t)s(t)

v=dsdtv = \frac{ds}{dt}

Acceleration in terms of velocity

a=dvdta = \frac{dv}{dt}

Work by variable force formula

W=∫abF(x)dxW = \int_a^b F(x)dx

Method for first-order differential equations

Separate variables, then integrate both sides

General vs particular solution

Particular uses initial conditions to find constant

Substitution for second-order DE

Let v=dydxv = \frac{dy}{dx}, then d2ydx2=vdvdy\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = v\frac{dv}{dy}

Proportionality relationship notation

P=kQP = kQ where kk is constant of proportionality

Integration by substitution steps

Choose uu, find dxdx in terms of dudu, substitute, solve, back-sub

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