Carbohydrates and Lipids (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards

Essential chemicals produced by living organisms

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

$CH_2O$ (1 C, 2 H, 1 O)

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

Simplest carbs, single sugar unit

$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Two monosaccharides joined together

Not sweet, insoluble in water

Different bonding patterns from starch

Glycogen (in muscles & liver)

Lipids have much less oxygen

Fats solid at room temp, oils liquid

1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid chains

Form biological membranes

Lipids store >2x energy per gram