Cancer (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
What is cancer?
What is cancer?
Loss of control over mitosis rate & number
Cancer as disease type
Cancer as disease type
Group of 100+ different disorders
Benign meaning
Benign meaning
Kind
Benign tumour characteristics
Benign tumour characteristics
Stops dividing, non-cancerous, not life-threatening
Malignant tumour growth
Malignant tumour growth
Does not stop growing
What is metastasis?
What is metastasis?
Movement/spread of malignant cells through body
Why are cancer cells 'immortal'?
Why are cancer cells 'immortal'?
Divide indefinitely
What are oncogenes?
What are oncogenes?
Cancer-causing genes
% cancers from infectious agents
% cancers from infectious agents
About 20%
HPV causes
HPV causes
Cervical cancer (vaccine available)
BRCA1 & BRCA2 mutations risk
BRCA1 & BRCA2 mutations risk
Breast or ovarian cancer
p53 gene
p53 gene
Tumour suppressor, mutated in 50%+ cancers
Cytotoxic drugs
Cytotoxic drugs
Kill fast-growing cells (chemotherapy)
Radiotherapy method
Radiotherapy method
High-energy rays to kill cancer cells
Why is early detection crucial?
Why is early detection crucial?
Saves lives, treatment more successful