Substitution Reactions (Leaving Cert Chemistry): Quizzes

An atom/group replaced by another

Strong bonds & no reactive functional groups

Atom/group with unpaired electron

With a dot (•) next to the symbol

UV light or heat

Bond breaks, each atom gets one electron

UV light produces $2\text{Cl}^\bullet$

$\text{HCl} + \text{CH}_3^\bullet$

$\text{CH}_3\text{Cl} + \text{Cl}^\bullet$

Step 3 regenerates $\text{Cl}^\bullet$ for step 2

Form ethane ($\text{C}_2\text{H}_6$)

Only explained by $\text{CH}_3^\bullet$ combining

Reaction only occurs with UV exposure