Measuring and Predicting Earthquakes (Leaving Cert Geography): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
Instrument detecting & recording earthquake activity
Instrument detecting & recording earthquake activity
Seismograph (or seismometer)
Fastest seismic waves arriving first
Fastest seismic waves arriving first
Primary waves (P-waves)
Seismic waves only moving through solid rock
Seismic waves only moving through solid rock
Secondary waves (S-waves)
Slowest seismic waves causing most damage
Slowest seismic waves causing most damage
Surface waves
Scale measuring earthquake magnitude via seismographs
Scale measuring earthquake magnitude via seismographs
Richter scale
Energy increase per whole number on Richter scale
Energy increase per whole number on Richter scale
Tenfold (10×) increase
Highest magnitude ever recorded (location & year)
Highest magnitude ever recorded (location & year)
9.5 (Chile, 1960)
Magnitude considered a major earthquake
Magnitude considered a major earthquake
7.0 or greater
Most accurate scale combining seismograph & rock movement
Most accurate scale combining seismograph & rock movement
Moment Magnitude Scale (MMS)
Scale measuring intensity by observed damage
Scale measuring intensity by observed damage
Modified Mercalli scale
Range of Modified Mercalli scale
Range of Modified Mercalli scale
I to XII (Roman numerals)
Why earthquake prediction is so difficult
Why earthquake prediction is so difficult
Too many variables; fault lines behave differently
Can animals truly predict earthquakes?
Can animals truly predict earthquakes?
No, they respond to P-waves humans can't detect
Most reliable earthquake prediction method
Most reliable earthquake prediction method
Measuring rock stress
What strainmeters monitor
What strainmeters monitor
Stress build-up at fault lines