Soil Characteristics (Leaving Cert Geography): Flashcards

Texture, structure, pH, organic matter, moisture, colour

Proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles

Small tight particles, waterlogged when wet, cracks when dry

Large loose particles, rapid drainage, prone to leaching

Equal clay/sand/silt, retains moisture, drains well

Clumps of soil particles bound together

Small rounded peds, excellent drainage, ideal for roots

Thin flat peds, limits air/water movement

Around 6.5 (slightly acidic)

Dark decomposed organic matter from bacteria/fungi breakdown

Nutrients, binds particles, retains water, prevents leaching

High humus content, very fertile

Iron oxide in warm, moist tropical climates

Heavy leaching, infertile, poor drainage