Set Theory and Probability (Leaving Cert Mathematics): Flashcards

A collection of distinct objects

Set of all possible elements in a context

Set $A$ where all elements of $A$ are in $B$

Combines all elements from sets $A$ and $B$

Elements common to both $A$ and $B$

All elements in $U$ not in $A$

Sets with no elements in common ($A \cap B = \emptyset$)

From 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain)

Set of all possible outcomes

A subset of the sample space

$P(A) = \frac{\text{Number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{Total outcomes}}$

$P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A \cap B)$

$P(A \cup B) = P(A) + P(B)$

$P(A \cap B) = P(A) \times P(B)$