Vectors and Scalars (Leaving Cert Physics): Flashcards

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Physical Quantities
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Physical quantity

Measurable property with a number and unit

Two parts of any measurement

Numerical value and unit

Scalar quantity

Has magnitude only, no direction

Examples of scalar quantities

Mass, time, energy, temperature, length, pressure

Scalar arithmetic rules

Use ordinary arithmetic (simple addition, subtraction)

Vector quantity

Has both magnitude and direction

Examples of vector quantities

Displacement, velocity, force, acceleration, momentum

Vector arrow length represents

Magnitude of the vector

Vector arrow direction represents

Direction of the vector

Resultant (vectors)

Single vector with same effect as all combined vectors

Vectors in same direction: resultant magnitude

Sum of individual magnitudes

Vectors in opposite directions: resultant magnitude

Difference between magnitudes

Vectors in opposite directions: resultant direction

Direction of the larger vector

Equal opposite vectors: resultant

Zero (they cancel completely)

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