Snell’s Law (Grade 11 NSC Matric Physical Sciences): Flashcards

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Snell's Law
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Refraction definition

Bending of light passing from one medium to another

Snell's Law formula

n1sin⁡θ1=n2sin⁡θ2n_1 \sin \theta_1 = n_2 \sin \theta_2

Angles in Snell's Law measured from

The normal (perpendicular to surface)

Light entering denser medium bends

Towards the normal

Light entering less dense medium bends

Away from the normal

Why refraction occurs

Light travels at different speeds in different materials

Light at normal incidence (0°)

Passes straight through without bending

Refractive index of air

1.0

Refractive index of water

1.333

Formula for unknown n2n_2

n2=n1sin⁡θ1sin⁡θ2n_2 = \frac{n_1 \sin \theta_1}{\sin \theta_2}

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