Measures of Dispersion (AQA A-Level Geography): Flashcards
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What measures of dispersion reveal
What measures of dispersion reveal
How spread out/scattered data values are within a dataset
Formula for range
Formula for range
Highest value - Lowest value
Main limitation of range
Main limitation of range
Only uses 2 values; heavily influenced by outliers
What IQR focuses on
What IQR focuses on
Middle 50% of data
Formula for IQR
Formula for IQR
UQ - LQ (Upper quartile - Lower quartile)
What standard deviation measures
What standard deviation measures
How much, on average, each value differs from the mean
Standard deviation formula
Standard deviation formula
√[Σ(x - x̄)²/n]
What is variance?
What is variance?
Value before taking square root in SD calculation
% of values within 1 SD in normal distribution
% of values within 1 SD in normal distribution
Approximately 68%
Low vs high standard deviation meaning
Low vs high standard deviation meaning
Low: clustered near mean; High: widely spread from mean