Theories of Global Development (AQA A-Level Sociology): Flashcards

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Theories of Globalisation
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Globalisation definition

Increasing interconnectedness of countries economically/politically/culturally

Who developed World Systems Theory and when?

Wallerstein in 1974

Core countries in three-tier system

Developed economies benefiting most from capitalism globally

Periphery countries in three-tier system

Most exploited nations with limited power to change position

World Systems Theory main criticism

Too deterministic - countries can't easily change position

TNCs definition

Transnational Corporations operating across national boundaries

New international division of labour (Fröbel 1980)

Manufacturing in developing countries, knowledge work in MEDCs

McDonaldisation (Ritzer 1993)

Global standardisation following fast food outlet principles

Four characteristics of McDonaldisation

Efficiency, calculability, predictability, control

Political globalisation key feature

Politics operates at international level, not just national

Cultural globalisation definition

Isolated cultures becoming international through media growth

Cultural hybridisation (postmodernist view)

Mixture of different cultural influences, two-way process

Cultural imperialism concern

Western culture replacing traditional culture in developing nations

Transnational capitalism (Sklair 2000)

Capitalism crossing national boundaries, power with TNCs/media

National identity importance (Hall 1995)

People seek to maintain differences, strengthening nation states

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