Differing views and tensions within liberalism (Edexcel A-Level Politics): Flashcards

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Classical Liberalism: Minimal State and Individual Freedom
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When did Classical Liberalism emerge?

17th and 18th centuries

Core principles of Classical Liberalism (3)

Individual liberty, private property, limited govt

What determines prices in free markets?

Supply and demand

Govt roles per classical liberals (3)

Protect property, enforce contracts, ensure defence

Samuel Smiles' book & year

Self Help (1859)

What is dependency syndrome?

State replacing individual in providing resources

Define negative freedom

Absence of restraint

Private property to classical liberals

Fundamental right & cornerstone of economic freedom

What is laissez-faire economics?

Minimal governmental interference in economy

Adam Smith's key work & year

Wealth of Nations (1776)

What is the invisible hand?

Market forces guiding resources to productive uses

When did Britain become largest economy?

1860

Neo-liberalism surge in UK/USA

1980s and 1990s

What is trickle-down theory?

Wealth flows from wealthiest to rest of population

Classical liberal view on welfare

Minimal & targeted, not comprehensive

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