Conscience (Edexcel A-Level Religious Studies): Flashcards

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Aquinas' theological approach
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Aquinas' definition of conscience

The application of knowledge to activity

Ratio (Aquinas)

Reason placed in us by God; reason in practice

Synderesis

Inclination to do good and avoid evil

Sensuality (Aquinas)

Temptation towards evil

Invincible ignorance

Ignorance we cannot be blamed for; not easily overcome

Vincible ignorance

Ignorance easily overcome; we are blamed for it

Witness function of conscience

Recognising if we performed or neglected an action

Bind & Incite function

Determining which actions should be performed or avoided

Accuse/Torment/Rebuke function

Judging morality of actions; feeling guilt

Erring conscience

Believing one is right when one is not; conscience in error

Fallibility of conscience (Aquinas)

Conscience is fallible; errors occur in conscientia

Must we follow conscience? (Aquinas)

Yes, we must always follow our conscience

Fletcher's critique of Aquinas

Right & wrong related to situation (moral relativism)

Karl Barth's critique

Aquinas places too much emphasis on corrupted reason

Augustine on conscience

Has divine authority; result of God's love

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