Electrons and Bonding (OCR A-Level Chemistry A): Flashcards
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Definition of covalent bonding
Definition of covalent bonding
Atoms share pairs of electrons to form strong bonds
Covalent vs ionic: key difference
Covalent vs ionic: key difference
Electrons shared (covalent) vs transferred (ionic)
How covalent bonds form
How covalent bonds form
Atomic orbitals overlap, sharing unpaired electrons
Are covalent bonds localised or delocalised?
Are covalent bonds localised or delocalised?
Localised - only between shared pair and 2 nuclei
4-3-2-1 bonding rule
4-3-2-1 bonding rule
C forms 4, N forms 3, O forms 2, H forms 1 bond
Lone pairs definition
Lone pairs definition
Electron pairs not shared with another atom (non-bonding)
Octet expansion possible from which period?
Octet expansion possible from which period?
Period 3 onwards (d-orbitals available)
Double bond definition
Double bond definition
Two pairs of electrons shared between two atoms
Dative covalent bond definition
Dative covalent bond definition
Both electrons in shared pair come from same atom
Bond enthalpy and bond strength relationship
Bond enthalpy and bond strength relationship
Higher bond enthalpy = stronger bond