Comparing Energy Resources (OCR GCSE Physics A, Combined (Gateway Science Suite)): Revision Notes

1.2.2 Comparing Energy Resources

Energy from Fossil Fuels

Uses of Energy

• Transport
• Generating electricity
• Heating

Fossil Fuels

• Types:
  • Coal
  • Oil
  • Natural gas

Advantages

• Reliable: Always provide energy when needed.
• High Energy Release: Useful in aeroplanes.
• Abundant and Relatively Cheap: Widely available and cost-effective.
• Versatile: Many uses.

Disadvantages

• Carbon Dioxide Emission: Burning fossil fuels releases a huge amount of CO2, contributing to climate change.
• Non-renewable: Not replenished as they are used.
• Other Pollutants:
  • Diesel: Releases carbon particles and nitrogen oxides.
  • Coal: Releases sulphur dioxide, leading to acid rain.

Nuclear Power

Characteristics

• Non-renewable: Uses elements like uranium and plutonium.

Advantages

• No Carbon Dioxide Emission: Once running, does not contribute to climate change.
• Extremely Reliable: Consistent energy supply.

Disadvantages

• Dangerous Radioactive Materials: Risk of nuclear accidents.
• Decommissioning: Time-consuming and expensive.
• Radioactive Waste: Generates waste that must be stored for thousands of years before it is safe.