Genetics (Leaving Cert Agricultural Science): Flashcards

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Genetics
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DNA full name & function

Deoxyribonucleic Acid; carries hereditary information

Number of chromosomes in cattle

60 chromosomes

Alleles definition

Different versions or forms of the same gene

Genotype definition

Animal's complete genetic makeup; combination of alleles

Phenotype definition

Observable traits displayed by an animal

When dominant alleles are expressed

Whenever they are present in the genotype

Homozygous definition

Identical alleles for a gene (AA or aa)

Law of Segregation states

Alleles separate during gamete (sex cell) formation

Monohybrid cross F2F_2 phenotype ratio

3:1 (dominant to recessive)

Quantitative traits definition

Controlled by multiple genes; show continuous variation

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