Formation and Classification (Leaving Cert Agricultural Science): Flashcards

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Formation and Classification
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4 key components of soil

Mineral and rock particles, organic matter, water, air

Ideal soil texture for cultivation (%)

40% sand, 40% silt, 20% clay

Definition of loam soil

Equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay

Nitrogen fixation process

Converting N2N_2 to NH3NH_3 and NO3NO_3

Rhizobium bacteria relationship

Symbiotic with legumes, forms root nodules

Main advantage of sandy soils

Excellent drainage and good aeration

Key problem with clay soils

Poor drainage and prone to waterlogging

Area of peat soil in Ireland (hectares)

4.6 million hectares

Five soil horizons from top to bottom

O, A, B, C, R

N, P, K nutrient roles

Growth, energy, quality

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