Planar Carbon Compounds (Leaving Cert Chemistry): Flashcards
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Hybridisation of carbonyl carbon in planar compounds
Hybridisation of carbonyl carbon in planar compounds
hybridisation
Bond angle around carbonyl carbon
Bond angle around carbonyl carbon
Approximately
Functional group in aldehydes
Functional group in aldehydes
-CHO (aldehyde group)
General formula for aldehydes
General formula for aldehydes
RCHO
Position of carbonyl group in aldehydes
Position of carbonyl group in aldehydes
Always at the end of the carbon chain
General formula for ketones
General formula for ketones
RCOR'
Position of carbonyl group in ketones
Position of carbonyl group in ketones
Never at the end; always internal
Functional group in carboxylic acids
Functional group in carboxylic acids
-COOH (carboxyl group)
General formula for carboxylic acids
General formula for carboxylic acids
RCOOH
Carboxylic acids form what through hydrogen bonding?
Carboxylic acids form what through hydrogen bonding?
Dimers (pairs of molecules)
Reaction: carboxylic acid + alcohol →
Reaction: carboxylic acid + alcohol →
Ester + water (esterification/condensation)
General formula for esters
General formula for esters
RCOOR'
How to name esters (structure)
How to name esters (structure)
Alkyl group from alcohol + acid part as '-oate'
Characteristic smell of esters
Characteristic smell of esters
Pleasant, fruity smells
Boiling point order: carboxylic acids, aldehydes, esters
Boiling point order: carboxylic acids, aldehydes, esters
Carboxylic acids > aldehydes/ketones > esters