Catalysts (Leaving Cert Chemistry): Flashcards
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13 cards from this deck
Define catalyst
Define catalyst
Speeds up reaction without being permanently changed or consumed
Catalyst state after reaction
Catalyst state after reaction
Recovered chemically unchanged
Quantity of catalyst needed for effect
Quantity of catalyst needed for effect
Only tiny/small amounts required
Catalyst selectivity characteristic
Catalyst selectivity characteristic
Highly selective - work for specific reactions only
What are enzymes?
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts made of proteins
Define homogeneous catalysis
Define homogeneous catalysis
Catalyst & reactants in same phase
Define heterogeneous catalysis
Define heterogeneous catalysis
Catalyst in different phase from reactants
Active sites in catalysis
Active sites in catalysis
Specific locations on catalyst surface where reactions occur
Intermediate formation theory
Intermediate formation theory
Catalyst forms temporary intermediate compounds with reactants
Define autocatalysis
Define autocatalysis
Product of reaction acts as catalyst for same reaction
Define catalyst poisoning
Define catalyst poisoning
Unwanted substances bind strongly to active sites, blocking them
Metals in catalytic converters
Metals in catalytic converters
Platinum, palladium, and rhodium
Why lead-free petrol for catalytic converters?
Why lead-free petrol for catalytic converters?
Lead compounds poison the catalyst