Factors Determining Energy Requirements (Leaving Cert Home Economics): Flashcards
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What is energy in nutrition?
What is energy in nutrition?
Power from food enabling body function & physical activity
Two units used to measure energy
Two units used to measure energy
Kilocalories (kcal) and kilojoules (kJ)
1 kilocalorie equals how many kilojoules?
1 kilocalorie equals how many kilojoules?
Approximately 4.2 kilojoules
Why young people need more energy per kg body weight
Why young people need more energy per kg body weight
To support rapid growth and development
Why males need more energy than females
Why males need more energy than females
Greater muscle mass, larger body size, less fat tissue
Which tissue is more metabolically active: muscle or fat?
Which tissue is more metabolically active: muscle or fat?
Muscle tissue
How does physical activity affect energy requirements?
How does physical activity affect energy requirements?
Increases energy needs
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) definition
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) definition
Energy used at rest for essential functions (breathing, circulation, cell repair)
Largest portion of total daily energy expenditure
Largest portion of total daily energy expenditure
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) definition
Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) definition
Energy used to digest, absorb, and process food
What positive energy balance leads to
What positive energy balance leads to
Weight gain as excess energy is stored
Body's preferred and primary energy source
Body's preferred and primary energy source
Carbohydrates
How much more energy do fats provide per gram?
How much more energy do fats provide per gram?
More than twice as much as carbs or proteins
Primary function of proteins
Primary function of proteins
Building, repairing, and maintaining body tissues