Folding and Faulting (Grade 10 NSC Matric Geography): Flashcards
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Fault (geology)
Fault (geology)
Crack in rocks where movement occurred along the break
Fault plane
Fault plane
Surface where rock fracture occurs
Three types of stress forces on rocks
Three types of stress forces on rocks
Tension (stretch), compression (squeeze), sideways sliding
Normal fault formation
Normal fault formation
Tension pulls rocks apart; one block drops down
Reverse fault formation
Reverse fault formation
Compression squeezes rocks; one block pushes upward
Lateral/strike-slip fault movement
Lateral/strike-slip fault movement
Horizontal - blocks slide past each other sideways
Transform fault characteristics
Transform fault characteristics
At right angles to plate boundaries; extend 100s of km
Rift valley formation
Rift valley formation
Tension causes land blocks to drop down between parallel faults
East African Rift Valley dimensions
East African Rift Valley dimensions
Approx. 6000 km long, 20-60 km wide
Block mountain formation
Block mountain formation
Compression pushes crust blocks upward next to rift valleys