Identifying Anions in Solution (HSC SSCE Chemistry): Flashcards

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Identifying Anions in Solution
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AgCl, AgBr, AgI precipitate colours

White, pale cream, pale yellow

AgCl, AgBr, AgI solubility in ammonia

Dilute NH3\text{NH}_3, conc. NH3\text{NH}_3, insoluble

Why acidify before adding AgNO3\text{AgNO}_3?

Prevent false positives from CO32\text{CO}_3^{2-} & PO43\text{PO}_4^{3-}

Carbonate test with dilute acid observation

Bubbles of CO2\text{CO}_2 gas produced

Ba2+\text{Ba}^{2+} ppt SO42\text{SO}_4^{2-} vs PO43\text{PO}_4^{3-} pH req

SO42\text{SO}_4^{2-}: any pH; PO43\text{PO}_4^{3-}: pH > 6 only

Yellow precipitate test for phosphate

Ammonium molybdate in HNO3\text{HNO}_3

Three anions giving alkaline solutions

OH\text{OH}^-, CO32\text{CO}_3^{2-}, CH3COO\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-

Complex ion formed: Ag++2NH3\text{Ag}^+ + 2\text{NH}_3

[Ag(NH3)2]+[\text{Ag}(\text{NH}_3)_2]^+ (diamminesilver(I))

Confirmatory test for CO2\text{CO}_2 gas

Limewater turns milky

Acetate test with neutral FeCl3\text{FeCl}_3

Reddish brown solution; disappears with HCl\text{HCl}

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