Applications of Hess’s Law (AQA A-Level Chemistry): Flashcards

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Applications of Hess’s Law
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Hess's Law principle

Enthalpy change is independent of route taken

Definition of ΔfH∘\Delta_fH^\circ

Enthalpy change when 1 mole of compound forms from elements in their standard states

ΔfH∘\Delta_fH^\circ of element in standard state

Zero (element formed from itself)

Definition of ΔcH∘\Delta_cH^\circ

Enthalpy change when 1 mole burns completely in oxygen

ΔH\Delta H formula using ΔfH∘\Delta_fH^\circ

∑ΔfH∘\sum \Delta_fH^\circ products −- reactants

ΔH\Delta H formula using ΔcH∘\Delta_cH^\circ

∑ΔcH∘\sum \Delta_cH^\circ reactants −- products

Why oxygen ignored in combustion

Cannot burn oxygen in oxygen

Main use of Hess's Law

Calculate enthalpy changes that can't be measured directly

Example: NaHCO3NaHCO_3 thermal decomposition

Cannot be measured directly; use Hess's Law

Two methods for applying Hess's Law

Using enthalpies of formation or combustion

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