Nuclear radius (AQA A-Level Physics): Flashcards

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Nuclear radius
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How to estimate nuclear radius using alpha particles

Distance of closest approach of charged particle to nucleus

KE of alpha particle at distance of closest approach

Zero kinetic energy

Electric potential VV at distance rr from nucleus

V=14πϵ0QrV = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{Q}{r}

Electric potential energy formula at distance rr

Eelec=14πϵ0Q1Q2rE_{\text{elec}} = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{Q_1 Q_2}{r}

Why electron diffraction avoids strong nuclear force

Electrons are leptons and don't experience strong nuclear force

De Broglie wavelength for electron diffraction (m)

Around 10−1510^{-15} m

Formula relating diffraction angle to nuclear radius

sin⁡θ=0.61λR\sin\theta = \frac{0.61\lambda}{R}

Relationship between nuclear radius RR and mass number AA

R=kA1/3R = kA^{1/3}

Nuclear density value (kg/m³)

Approximately 1.45×10171.45 \times 10^{17} kg/m³

Property of nuclear density across all nuclei

Constant across all nuclei

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