NGOs and International Bodies (AQA A-Level Sociology): Flashcards

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NGOs and International Bodies
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NGOs definition

Private orgs independent from govt control (economically & politically)

Four stages of NGO evolution

Relief/aid, community dev, systems dev, people's movements

Three major NGO examples

Oxfam, Save the Children, Red Cross

Modern NGO focus shift

From emergency response to sustainable development

3 reasons for NGO growth (Robbins 2005)

Better comms, public awareness, increased govt funding

IMF main functions

Loans to countries in financial difficulty + economic advice to govts

World Bank main role

Grants/loans for infrastructure in developing countries

SAPs definition

Structural Adjustment Programmes - free-market conditions attached to IMF/World Bank loans

5 SAPs conditions

Deregulation, privatisation, devaluation, spending cuts, export focus

PRSPs (introduced 1999)

Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers - replaced SAPs, greater local ownership of development

Hong (2000) SAPs criticisms

Increased poverty, poor services, corruption, environmental damage, social unrest

G8 debt relief 2005

Wrote off debts of 18 poorest developing countries

Contreras (1987) TNC benefits

Tax revenue, technology transfer, employment, skills development

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