Urbanisation and Industrialisation (AQA A-Level Sociology): Flashcards

Transformation from agriculture to large-scale factory manufacturing

Increase in urban populations compared to rural populations

Positions urbanisation as essential to development

Cities encourage work via achieved status & meritocracy not birth

Ethnocentric - based on Western cities, capitalism, and ideals

Urbanisation creates 2 distinct societies: rural & urban economies

Localised and focused on subsistence living

Not successful but polarised between 'haves' and 'have nots'

Developing nations substitute home-grown goods for imports

Developing countries producing consumer goods for export

South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore

Temporary homes migrants construct; lack basic city services

Urban population growth exceeds city's capacity for services

Poverty, loss of land, natural disasters, war/civil conflict

Employment opportunities, better education, escape constraints