Droughts: Causes and impacts (Edexcel A-Level Geography): Flashcards
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Meteorological drought
Meteorological drought
Shortfall in precipitation + high temps, winds, sunshine, low humidity (↑ evaporation)
Agricultural drought
Agricultural drought
Rainfall deficiency → soil moisture deficiency → ↓ plant growth & biomass
Hydrological drought
Hydrological drought
Reduced stream flow, groundwater & storage in lakes/reservoirs from ↓ precipitation
Droughts as 'creeping hazards'
Droughts as 'creeping hazards'
Long onset period makes it hard to tell if drought or just dry period
PDSI (Palmer Drought Severity Index)
PDSI (Palmer Drought Severity Index)
Measures long-term drought duration & intensity
CMI (Crop Moisture Index)
CMI (Crop Moisture Index)
Measures short-term drought weekly - monitors water availability for farmers
El Nino's effect on Australia
El Nino's effect on Australia
Causes drought in Australia
Teleconnection definition
Teleconnection definition
Climate anomalies relating to each other at large distances
Desertification definition
Desertification definition
Land degradation in arid, semi-arid & dry sub-humid regions from climatic & human factors
Deforestation's effect on drought
Deforestation's effect on drought
↓ interception, absorption, EVT → areas drier & more susceptible