DNA Structure (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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15 cards from this deck
What does DNA stand for?
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
Sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate group, nitrogenous base
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G), Thymine (T)
Which base pairs with Adenine (A)?
Which base pairs with Adenine (A)?
Thymine (T)
Which base pairs with Cytosine (C)?
Which base pairs with Cytosine (C)?
Guanine (G)
What is a codon?
What is a codon?
Group of three bases coding for a specific amino acid
How many different types of amino acids are there?
How many different types of amino acids are there?
20
What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?
What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?
Transcription and translation
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
Carries genetic code from nucleus to cytoplasm
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
Carries amino acids to the ribosome
What are the three types of mutations?
What are the three types of mutations?
Insertion, deletion, substitution
What is the function of non-coding DNA?
What is the function of non-coding DNA?
Regulates gene expression (turns genes on or off)
What are three types of proteins?
What are three types of proteins?
Enzymes, hormones, structural proteins
What is the shape of DNA structure?
What is the shape of DNA structure?
Double helix
Where are chromosomes located in the cell?
Where are chromosomes located in the cell?
Nucleus