Cloning (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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What is cloning?
What is cloning?
Producing genetically identical copies of an organism
Purpose of tissue culture in plants
Purpose of tissue culture in plants
Preserve rare plant species or for commercial use
What medium are plant cells placed in during tissue culture?
What medium are plant cells placed in during tissue culture?
Growth medium with nutrients and hormones
Type of cutting used in plant cloning
Type of cutting used in plant cloning
Stem cutting from plant with desirable traits
Where fertilisation occurs in embryo transplants
Where fertilisation occurs in embryo transplants
In the lab
Genetic relationship of embryo transplant offspring
Genetic relationship of embryo transplant offspring
Genetically identical to each other
First step in adult cell cloning
First step in adult cell cloning
Remove nucleus from unfertilised egg cell
What is inserted into the egg cell in adult cell cloning?
What is inserted into the egg cell in adult cell cloning?
Nucleus from adult body cell
What stimulates egg division in adult cell cloning
What stimulates egg division in adult cell cloning
Electric shock
Where is the embryo implanted in adult cell cloning?
Where is the embryo implanted in adult cell cloning?
Surrogate mother's womb
Genetic relationship of offspring in adult cell cloning
Genetic relationship of offspring in adult cell cloning
Clone of the organism that donated the adult body cell
Cloning benefit for desirable traits
Cloning benefit for desirable traits
Enables production of numerous offspring with those traits
Cloning benefit for endangered species
Cloning benefit for endangered species
Helps conservation of endangered or extinct species
Risk of cloning re: genetic diversity
Risk of cloning re: genetic diversity
Reduces it, making populations vulnerable to diseases
Risk of cloning re: survival
Risk of cloning re: survival
Lower survival rate and genetic abnormalities