Simple and Fractional Distillation (Edexcel GCSE Chemistry Combined Science): Flashcards
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Fractional distillation definition
Fractional distillation definition
Process that separates mixture by different boiling points
What is crude oil?
What is crude oil?
Complex mixture of hydrocarbons from ground
What are fractions in crude oil?
What are fractions in crude oil?
Simpler mixtures with similar carbon chain lengths
Why does fractional distillation separate crude oil?
Why does fractional distillation separate crude oil?
Hydrocarbons have different boiling points
Where is crude oil heated in fractional distillation?
Where is crude oil heated in fractional distillation?
Bottom of fractionating column
Temperature in fractionating column (bottom vs top)
Temperature in fractionating column (bottom vs top)
Hottest at bottom, cools moving up
Where do high boiling point hydrocarbons condense?
Where do high boiling point hydrocarbons condense?
Lower in column where temperature is higher
Where do low boiling point hydrocarbons go?
Where do low boiling point hydrocarbons go?
Rise higher up the column
How are fractions collected in column?
How are fractions collected in column?
Drawn off at different heights where they condense
Simple distillation definition
Simple distillation definition
Separates liquid from solution with different boiling points
Examples of simple distillation use
Examples of simple distillation use
Water from seawater, ink from water
Equipment for sample in simple distillation
Equipment for sample in simple distillation
Distillation flask
What evaporates first in simple distillation?
What evaporates first in simple distillation?
Component with lower boiling point
Role of condenser in distillation
Role of condenser in distillation
Cools vapour, condenses it back to liquid
When does simple distillation work best?
When does simple distillation work best?
With significantly different boiling points