Coastal management (Edexcel GCSE Geography A): Flashcards

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Coastal management
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Coastal management purpose

Protecting coastlines from erosion and flooding

Hard engineering definition

Constructing artificial barriers for direct protection

Soft engineering definition

Works with natural coastal processes

Sea walls

Concrete/stone barriers deflecting wave energy

Sea walls cost per metre

5,0005,000-10,000

Groynes

Barriers at right angles to coast, trap sediment

Groynes cost per metre

$2,000 (timber)

Longshore drift

Natural movement of sand/sediment along coast

Rip rap (rock armour)

Large rocks/blocks placed on shoreline

Rip rap cost per metre

1,0001,000-3,000

Beach replenishment

Adding sand to eroded beaches

Beach replenishment cost per metre

$200

Beach replenishment wave energy reduction

Up to 70%

Offshore reefs

Artificial structures built in sea away from shore

Offshore reefs cost per metre

$5,000

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