Independent events (Edexcel GCSE Maths): Flashcards

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Independent events
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Definition of independent events

Outcome of one event doesn't affect outcome of another

Formula for P(A and B)P(A \text{ and } B) when independent

P(A)×P(B)P(A) \times P(B)

When does multiplication rule for probability apply?

Only when events are truly independent

Tree diagram: probabilities from same point must do what?

Add up to 1

Tree diagram: find probability of specific outcome

Multiply along the branches

Tree diagram: find probability of multiple outcomes

Add up the individual probabilities

Spin blue (78\frac{7}{8}), then green (18\frac{1}{8})

78×18=764\frac{7}{8} \times \frac{1}{8} = \frac{7}{64}

Spin blue (78\frac{7}{8}) twice

78×78=4964\frac{7}{8} \times \frac{7}{8} = \frac{49}{64}

When to multiply probabilities?

For 'and' - finding combined events happening together

When to add probabilities?

For 'or' - finding multiple possible outcomes

Key characteristic of independent events

One outcome gives no info about the other

Example of independent events

Coin flips - first result doesn't affect second

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