Cancer (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
What is cancer?
What is cancer?
Loss of control over mitosis rate & number
Number of cancer types
Number of cancer types
Over 100
Benign tumour meaning
Benign tumour meaning
'Kind' - stops growing & doesn't spread
Malignant tumour growth
Malignant tumour growth
Doesn't stop growing & spreads (metastasizes)
Metastasis
Metastasis
Movement of malignant cells through body
Why cancer cells called 'immortal'
Why cancer cells called 'immortal'
Divide indefinitely/never stop dividing
Oncogenes
Oncogenes
Cancer-causing genes
% cancers from infectious agents
% cancers from infectious agents
About 20%
Virus causing cervical cancer
Virus causing cervical cancer
HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
BRCA1 & BRCA2 mutation risk
BRCA1 & BRCA2 mutation risk
Breast & ovarian cancer
Most mutated tumour suppressor gene
Most mutated tumour suppressor gene
p53
Chemotherapy drug type
Chemotherapy drug type
Cytotoxic drugs
Radiotherapy mechanism
Radiotherapy mechanism
High-energy rays (like X-rays) kill cancer cells
Immunotherapy function
Immunotherapy function
Boosts immune system to fight cancer
Example of preventive cancer vaccine
Example of preventive cancer vaccine
HPV vaccine