Functions (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
What forms the molecular basis of all life?
What forms the molecular basis of all life?
DNA and RNA working together
Three main functions of DNA
Three main functions of DNA
- Store genetic info 2. Replicate 3. Direct protein production
What genes provide instructions for
What genes provide instructions for
Making specific proteins
Purpose of DNA replication
Purpose of DNA replication
Pass genetic info to next generation via exact copies
What is gene expression?
What is gene expression?
Process where a gene causes production of a specific protein
Central dogma sequence
Central dogma sequence
DNA → RNA → protein
Primary function of RNA
Primary function of RNA
Transport genetic info from nucleus to cytoplasm
Where are ribosomes located?
Where are ribosomes located?
In the cytoplasm
What does the genetic code determine?
What does the genetic code determine?
How base sequence controls amino acid sequence in proteins
What is a codon?
What is a codon?
Group of three bases (triplet) that specifies an amino acid
How many possible codons are there?
How many possible codons are there?
64
Function of a start codon
Function of a start codon
Marks beginning of gene; signals where protein synthesis starts
Function of a stop codon
Function of a stop codon
Marks end of gene; signals where protein synthesis stops
What is transcription?
What is transcription?
DNA gene copied to make RNA molecule in nucleus
What is translation?
What is translation?
RNA read at ribosome to assemble amino acids into protein