Non-Nuclear DNA (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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Location of non-nuclear DNA in cells
Location of non-nuclear DNA in cells
Outside nucleus in mitochondria & chloroplasts
Two organelles with non-nuclear DNA
Two organelles with non-nuclear DNA
Mitochondria and chloroplasts
Cell types containing mitochondria
Cell types containing mitochondria
Both plant and animal cells
Cell types containing chloroplasts
Cell types containing chloroplasts
Only plant cells
Meaning of mtDNA
Meaning of mtDNA
Mitochondrial DNA
Meaning of cpDNA
Meaning of cpDNA
Chloroplast DNA
Structure of non-nuclear DNA
Structure of non-nuclear DNA
Small, circular loops
Number of genes in mtDNA
Number of genes in mtDNA
Approximately 37 genes
Number of genes in cpDNA
Number of genes in cpDNA
Approximately 100 genes
Inheritance pattern of non-nuclear DNA
Inheritance pattern of non-nuclear DNA
Maternal inheritance
Reason for maternal inheritance of mtDNA
Reason for maternal inheritance of mtDNA
Sperm head enters egg; tail/collar with mitochondria digested & left out
Primary function of mtDNA
Primary function of mtDNA
Energy production & ATP synthesis
Primary function of cpDNA
Primary function of cpDNA
Photosynthesis & pigment formation
Organs most affected by non-nuclear DNA disorders
Organs most affected by non-nuclear DNA disorders
High-energy organs: muscles, brain, heart, nervous system
Theory of mitochondria/chloroplast origin
Theory of mitochondria/chloroplast origin
Endosymbiotic theory