Diagrams and Formulas (Leaving Cert Chemistry): Flashcards

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Diagrams and Formulas
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Lewis diagrams show

Electron transfer in ionic bonding

Dots & crosses in Lewis diagrams represent

Electrons from different atoms

Metals lose electrons to form

Positive ions (cations)

Non-metals gain electrons to form

Negative ions (anions)

Crystal lattice

3D arrangement of ions in regular pattern

Unit cell

Smallest repeating unit of crystal

Ionic formula charge principle

Total positive = total negative charges

Ion order in formulas

Metal first, then non-metal

Polyatomic ions

Groups of atoms with overall charge, act as single units

Most polyatomic ions are

Negative (except NH4+NH_4^+ ammonium)

Brackets with polyatomic ions used when

More than one polyatomic ion needed

Variable valency

Metal can form ions with different charges

Transition metal charge indicated by

Roman numerals in compound name

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