Properties of Semiconductors (Leaving Cert Engineering): Flashcards

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Properties of Semiconductors
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Semiconductors definition

Materials with electrical properties between conductors & insulators

Most widely used semiconductor

Silicon

Resistivity unit

Ohm-metres (Ω⋅m\Omega \cdot m)

3 regions in energy band diagram

Valence band, conduction band, band gap

Band gap (EgE_g) definition

Energy difference between valence & conduction bands

Band structure of metals

Valence & conduction bands overlap

Semiconductor band gap size (eV)

0.10.1-44 eV

Higher temp effect on semiconductor conductivity

Increases conductivity significantly

Doping definition

Adding impurities to semiconductors

n-type semiconductor creation

Adding donor impurities (pentavalent elements)

Donor elements examples

Phosphorus (P), arsenic (As)

p-type semiconductor creation

Adding acceptor impurities (trivalent elements)

Acceptor element example

Boron (B)

Silicon purity for ICs

99.999999999.9999999% pure

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