Physiological adaptations in response to training (HSC SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education): Flashcards
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What is Stroke Volume (SV)?
What is Stroke Volume (SV)?
SV is blood pumped by the left ventricle per beat.
How is Stroke Volume measured?
How is Stroke Volume measured?
Measured with echocardiography or Doppler ultrasound.
What does Cardiac Output (CO) represent?
What does Cardiac Output (CO) represent?
CO is the total blood pumped by the heart per minute.
How is Cardiac Output calculated?
How is Cardiac Output calculated?
CO = Stroke Volume (SV) × Heart Rate (HR).
What effect does endurance training have on the heart?
What effect does endurance training have on the heart?
It increases SV and CO by improving heart efficiency.
How does blood plasma volume change with training?
How does blood plasma volume change with training?
Regular training increases blood plasma for better SV.
What are typical resting values for untrained individuals?
What are typical resting values for untrained individuals?
CO: 15-20 L/min, SV: around 70 mL/beat.
What are typical values for trained athletes?
What are typical values for trained athletes?
SV: 100-120 mL/beat, CO: 20-25 L/min, up to 40 L/min.
What factors influence heart performance changes?
What factors influence heart performance changes?
Heart size, genetics, training intensity, and duration.
What is the Frank-Starling mechanism?
What is the Frank-Starling mechanism?
It enhances SV by improving heart pumping with more blood.