Genes and Chromosomes (VCE SSCE Biology): Flashcards
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Inheritance
Inheritance
Process by which characteristics pass from parents to offspring
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
Double-stranded nucleic acid chain made of nucleotides
DNA base pairing rules
DNA base pairing rules
Adenine pairs with Thymine; Guanine pairs with Cytosine
Gene
Gene
Section of DNA that carries the code to make a protein
Alleles
Alleles
Alternate forms of a gene
Human somatic cell chromosome number
Human somatic cell chromosome number
46 chromosomes (diploid, 2n = 46)
Homologous chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes
Pairs of chromosomes with similar length, gene position & centromere
Karyotype
Karyotype
Visual representation of genome organised into homologous pairs
Aneuploidy
Aneuploidy
Variation in chromosome number by addition or loss of a chromosome
Human sex chromosomes: XX vs XY
Human sex chromosomes: XX vs XY
XX = female; XY = male