Genotypes and Phenotypes (VCE SSCE Biology): Flashcards
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Genotype definition
Genotype definition
Genetic composition of organism at a gene locus
Phenotype definition
Phenotype definition
Observable characteristics from gene expression + environment
Homozygous individual
Homozygous individual
Has identical alleles for same gene on homologous chromosomes
Heterozygous individual
Heterozygous individual
Has different alleles for same gene on homologous chromosomes
Dominant allele notation
Dominant allele notation
Capital letter (e.g., T)
Recessive allele notation
Recessive allele notation
Lowercase letter (e.g., t)
Complete dominance
Complete dominance
Dominant allele fully masks recessive in heterozygote
Codominance
Codominance
Both alleles fully expressed together in heterozygote
Incomplete dominance
Incomplete dominance
Neither allele dominant; intermediate phenotype in heterozygote
Why X-linked traits affect males more
Why X-linked traits affect males more
Males have only one X; no second to mask recessive allele