The cosmological argument (Edexcel A-Level Religious Studies): Flashcards

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The cosmological argument
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Type of reasoning in cosmological argument

Inductive argument

Knowledge type: cosmological argument

A Posteriori (based on experience)

Natural theology: cosmological arg

Uses rational, scientific evidence to prove God

Aquinas' First Way

Argument from motion - unmoved mover

Movement concept in First Way

From potentiality to actuality

Aquinas' view on infinite regress

Impossible - must be a start

Aquinas' Second Way

Argument from causation - uncaused causer

Aquinas' Third Way

Argument from contingency - necessary being

Contingent existence meaning

Relies on something else for existence (e.g. food, parents)

Necessary being

Being that must exist; started chain of contingent beings

Cosmological arg: key achievement

Establishes God's necessity

Fallacy of composition (Hume & Russell)

Part truth ≠ whole truth

Hume's view on necessary being

Rejects the possibility

Physics challenge to cosmological arg

Something can come from nothing

Copleston on fallacy of composition

Contingency args don't leap from parts to whole

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