Retailing changes (Edexcel GCSE Geography A): Flashcards
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Retailing changes definition
Retailing changes definition
Transformation in how and where people shop
Three key types of retail change
Three key types of retail change
Location, format, and technology changes
19th century Birmingham suburbanisation cause
19th century Birmingham suburbanisation cause
To escape increasing pollution levels
1970s industrial change in Birmingham
1970s industrial change in Birmingham
Manufacturing relocated from city centres to suburbs
1970s-80s retail change in Birmingham
1970s-80s retail change in Birmingham
Shops moved to edge-of-town/out-of-town locations
Example of out-of-town centre in Birmingham
Example of out-of-town centre in Birmingham
Merry Hill
Birmingham CBD retail decline response
Birmingham CBD retail decline response
Built Bullring and Grand Central shopping centres
Retailer advantages of out-of-town locations
Retailer advantages of out-of-town locations
Cheaper costs and larger units available
Consumer advantage: out-of-town parking
Consumer advantage: out-of-town parking
Free and easily accessible parking
Consumer advantage: out-of-town design
Consumer advantage: out-of-town design
All stores under one roof (weather protection)
Internet shopping advantage: accessibility
Internet shopping advantage: accessibility
24-hour access to products
Internet shopping advantage: location
Internet shopping advantage: location
'Armchair' shopping from home
Internet shopping advantage: pricing
Internet shopping advantage: pricing
Special discounts and competitive pricing
Birmingham CBD trade decline % from decentralisation
Birmingham CBD trade decline % from decentralisation
12% decline
Type of site used for Merry Hill
Type of site used for Merry Hill
Brownfield site