Conscientious objectors (Edexcel GCSE History): Flashcards
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Definition of conscientious objectors
Definition of conscientious objectors
People who refused military service due to religious, moral, or political beliefs
What CO stands for
What CO stands for
Conscientious objector
Types of beliefs held by COs
Types of beliefs held by COs
Religious, moral, or political beliefs
What conscription laws required
What conscription laws required
All fit citizens of appropriate age to serve in armed forces
When conscription began in WWI
When conscription began in WWI
1916
When WWII conscription started for men
When WWII conscription started for men
April 1939
When women were conscripted in WWII
When women were conscripted in WWII
December 1941
Number who refused service in WWI
Number who refused service in WWI
16,000 men
Total exemptions granted in WWI
Total exemptions granted in WWI
400 individuals
Number who refused service in WWII
Number who refused service in WWII
Over 59,000 men and women
Type of tribunal used in WWI
Type of tribunal used in WWI
Military tribunals
Type of tribunal used in WWII
Type of tribunal used in WWII
Civilian tribunals
Definition of alternativists
Definition of alternativists
COs willing to serve in non-combatant roles
Definition of absolutists
Definition of absolutists
COs who refused any form of military involvement
How public viewed COs during both wars
How public viewed COs during both wars
As cowards and traitors